| Tramadol | 100-120mg IM/IV; 150mg oral | 3-6 hours; 12-24hrs for controlled release | Moderate pain |
| Fentanyl | 100-150mcg SC | 1-2 hours IM | Moderate to severe pain; preferred in renal impairment |
| Hydromorphone | 1.5 mg SC/IM; 6 mg oral | 2-4 hours; 24hrs for controlled release | Moderate to severe pain |
| Methadone | complex; discuss conversion with a pain or palliative care specialist | 8-24 hours (chronic dosing) | Severe chronic pain |
| Morphine | 30mg oral | 2-3 hours; 12-24hrs for controlled release | Moderate to severe pain |
| Oxycodone | 15-20mg oral | 3-4 hours; 12-24hrs for controlled release | Moderate to severe pain; preferred in renal impairment (adjust dose) |
| Tapentadol | 75-100mg oral | 12 hours for controlled release | Moderate to severe chronic pain |
| Codeine (analgesic only) | 200mg oral | 3-4 hours | Mild to moderate pain; not recommended |
| Pethidine | 75-100mg IM | 2-3 hours | Not recommended |
| Dextropropoxyphene | Unknown | | Not recommended; |